Question1: Purpose and functions of following equipments used during surgery
a) Topical anaesthetic
It reduced the slightly discomfort which is associated with insertion of needle and affective to a depth of 2mm. It is beneficial for decreasing the patient discomfort during initial phase of surgery.
b) Local anaesthetic
It is an anaesthetic drug which can be given either by spray, shot or ointment on a small patch area on body. It sedates an areas a person for a short period of time during surgery and control post-surgery discomfort as well.
c) Local anaesthetic syringe and needles
A safety syringe helps in minimizing the risk which may occur during surgery due to accidental needle-stick injury. These syringes and needles includes a sheath which locks over the needle, after removing from the tissues of patients for preventing accidental needle stick.
d) Luxators/elevators
Luxators or elevators are sharper and thinner devices which are designed in extraction of teeth i.e. separate the tooth from its surrounding bones.
e) Extraction Forceps
It includes two blades having sharp edges for cutting the periodontal fibres. It is considered as an elevator to move the tooth 1-3mm by constant steady pressure with wrist.
f) Scalpel
It is an extremely sharp and small bladed instrument which is specially designed for endodontic use. For example: Kerr Endodontics is a disposable scalpels and helps in improving visibility within a microscope that allows for a more precise incision.
g) Periosteal elevator
This device is used for lifting a muco-periosteal flap off the bone during extraction of tooth.
h) Cheek retractor
Cheek retractors in dental surgery is used to hold the mouth of patients and open it throughout surgery process. It can be disposable or autoclavable, where disposable retractors are made up from clear materials, in order to provide improved visibility.
i) Spencer wells
These are considered as hemostatic forceps which are used to control blood flow within vessels and left to sutured later.
j) Suture and suture holder
Suture and its holder is an artificial fibre used to keep wound to hold until sufficiently by themselves. It is a series of stitches to secure from apposition in a surgery.
j) Dissecting forceps:
Dissecting forceps is an small instrument that should be handled in careful manner and helps in grasp tiny tissues for treatment purpose at time o
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