Organisational Structures Of Various Hospitality Businesses

TASK 1

1.1 Scale, Scope, And Diversity Of Hospitality Industry

The hospitality industry is considered a wide area of businesses that focuses on providing services to customers and ensuring that they are been satisfied with the experience they have with the hospitality sector. Restaurants, amusement parks, hotels, event planning, transportation, etc., are all included in the Hospitality industry (Kandampully, Zhang and Bilgihan, 2015).
As a great number of tourists are attracted to the UK, there is a huge scope for hospitality business opportunities. Approx. of 127,000 businesses are there in the UK under the Hospitality sector as per the records of the British Hospitality Association. More than 40,000 hotels, restaurants, motels, etc., are there in the UK. Many hospitality sectors belong to the private sector. Few and largest hospitality businesses belong to the Public sector.

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In the GDP of the UK, the contribution of the hospitality industry is about 4%. The hospitality industry generates many opportunities for employment as part-time or full-time employees or staff. Due to this, there are more employment opportunities in the UK's hospitality sector. In the total national income of the UK, the hospitality industry contributes about 20% (Jones, Hillier, and Comfort, 2016).
Diversity in the hospitality sector can be termed as the products or services offered by this sector. Below discussed are some of the products or services offered by hospitality sectors:

• Tourism-oriented products: Tourism-oriented products or services are those services that are been provided primarily for tourists (Jauhari and Bharwani, 2017). Such as Accommodation, like Marriott, and Hilton hotels; Transportation; Tour operators; restaurants; etc.
• Residents-oriented products: These are the products or services which are been provided to the locals at a tourist destination. Such as amusement parks, public parks, hospitals, banks, postal service, etc (Kim, Vogt, and Knutson, 2015).

1.2 Organisational Structures Of Various Hospitality Businesses

Organisational structure refers to the system of directions for the flow of information or instructions from top to bottom level and vice-versa in an organisation to achieve objectives and goals (Pavlova, 2017).
Following are the various types of organizational structures:

• Line Organisation: In this, the hierarchy of authority flows from top management to lower level and to the workers at operational level. There is a clear understanding of responsibility and authority.
• Line and staff organisation: In this structure, the line managers are been assisted by the staff. Staff have only advisory functions they have no authority over line managers.
• Functional organisation: In this, the organisation is been distributed according to the various functions in the organisation such as finance, sales, production, R&D, etc.
• Project organisation: It is a temporary form of organisational structure for completing or performing a particular project or task. Organisation is been divided on the basis of different projects.
• Matrix organisation: It is an organisational structure where an organisation follows multiple command systems which are horizontal and vertical flows of communications (Lucien, 2017).

Below discussed are the organisational structures used in various hospitality organisations:

• Organizational structure in Marriott Hotel: Marriott Hotel follows an organisational structure based on departmental or functional structures. Where the hotel is been divided into different departments such as food, room servicing, finance, etc.
• Organizational structure of Dish Catering: The Dish catering services use the line organisational structure. There is only a single boss or owner, who makes all the decisions and passes them on to their staff.
• Organizational structure of Alton Towers: Alton Towers theme park uses a functional organisational structure for managing different functions of a theme park. It also has a strong centralization to ensure effective managerial control over different functional areas.

1.3 Roles Of Organisations Related To Hospitality

The role of organisations and professional bodies related to hospitality in the UK like Marriott Hotel, Dish catering, Alton Towers, and Thomas Cook are given below:

Role of Hotels (Marriott)
Following are some of the roles of hotels in the hospitality sector:

• Accommodation: The main objectives of the hotels in the hospitality sector are to provide accommodation facilities, and the facility to stay to customers who are away from their home country (Lopes, 2016).
• Food Services: Hotels also provide healthy and tasty foods to their customers and satisfy them by filling their stomachs with tasty food.
• Catering events and conferences: Hotels also cater to various events and conferences within the hotel premises.

Role of Catering services (Dish catering)
Below listed are some of the roles of the catering business:

• Food preparation and services: Catering services include the job of preparing food for their customers, which includes preparing food on the site and serving food through buffet or serving at the table.
• Menu planning: The Caterer plays a vital role in helping customers or parties in planning for their menus.
• Make an event successful: They play a major role in making events, like weddings, birthdays, etc., of their customers a successful one.

Role of theme parks (Alton Towers)
Underlisted are the roles of theme parks in the hospitality sector:

• Take visitors to fantasy: Alton Towers theme park's main objective is to take their visitors to fantasy land and have a relaxed and amusing time.
• Develop tourism: Theme parks help in developing tourism in a particular destination by attracting them through their amazing rides and specific features.

Role of Travel agency (Thomas Cook)
Below are the roles of travel agencies in the hospitality industry:

• Making arrangements for flights, accommodation, travel insurance, etc.
• Provides advice to the customers for their travel arrangements.
• Advising for the best destination under the budget of the customers.

Task 2

2.1 Requirements For Staffing In Hospitality Businesses

The hospitality industry is growing continuously which generates a lot of employment opportunities that require staff with different qualifications and skills. As it is concerned with services to the public, most of the employees are directly in contact with the customers which requires communication skills and skills related to customer services (Claveria, Monte and Torra, 2015).
For staffing in a Hotel or accommodation business the various requirements for their staff are; for the managerial level in a hotel requires high experience in providing services to their customers. They are required to have a management degree and the required skills. The other staff in the hotel sector require skills and minimum qualifications according to their work. A chef requires cooking skills, and other staff should have the skills required for customer service communication, etc.
For staffing in the catering services, the requirements of staff are both skilled and unskilled employees. Skilled employees are required at the functional areas in catering where there they are required to cook food and decorate. Unskilled can be used in serving the dishes to the guests, but also they require communication skills. For functional areas, they require certificates and degrees.
In amusement or theme parks, the requirement for staffing is of both skilled and unskilled workers. Skilled workers are required to do all the mechanical and technical work in the park and unskilled are required to clean and maintain the park. Managerial or functional specialists are also required for various managerial decisions and to perform various functions (Popescu and Popescu, 2016).
Thus, in the hospitality sector, there is a requirement for both the skilled and unskilled staff. The main skill required by all is to have a good communication skill and skills to satisfy customers. There is a requirement for highly qualified staff to low qualified workers.

2.2 Hospitality Staff Roles, Responsibilities And Qualifications

Below discussed are the roles, responsibilities, and qualifications required by hospitality staff:

Supervisors

Responsibilities and Qualifications:

• The main responsibility of the supervisors is to manage the day-to-day operations in the organisation.
• Provide Training to the new employees and to the old staff for their development and to improve their skills.
• They have to maintain the inventories within the organisation, if there is any shortage in the stock they have to make orders to fulfill them.
• They have to create a better communication system in the organisation
• Have a qualification of business management
• Good experience at the supervisory level

Manager

Responsibilities and qualifications:

• They plan and determine the sales and profits
• Makes various decisions related to organisational issues
• Recruit new staff, train them, and motivate them.
• Maintaining the standards of the business
• Have a Management degree
• Interpersonal and organisational skills
• Communication and administrative skills

Casual workers

Responsibilities and qualifications:

• Their responsibilities and roles depending on the area of work they are been placed
• Customer support and satisfaction
• Skills are been required according to their work in the organisation.
• Qualified enough to undertake various tasks and work in the organisation.
• Must have good communication skills

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Conclusion

From this report, we can conclude that the hospitality industry is a very wide and continuously growing sector in the UK. Organisations should use the appropriate organisational structure for effective hierarchy, and communication and for proper responsibilities and authority in the various organisations. Organisations related to the hospitality sector must perform their roles effectively for better services to their customers. Staffing in the hospitality business should be done according to the required skills and qualifications. Various issues like operational, managerial, and legislative issues have a deep impact on the functioning and decision making in the hospitality industry. There are many current and future trends in hospitality businesses that would affect the organisation.

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