CompanyIntroduction to Work and Organisation
Post-industrialisation is the period of development when service sector industries are contributing more than manufacturing and agriculture industries. It is a time of rapid growth. They are generating more ideas for improving the economy. In this period people were attracted more towards gaining knowledge as compared to agriculture and manufacturing. In this present essay, the analysis is on work and organisation at the time of post-industrialisation. Key features of doing work efficiently and all the changes in employment patterns are part of this assignment. Also, it gives a brief description of the traditional method of agriculture and the wages of labourers who are easily accessible for doing work in factories (Marchand and Blanc 2011).
"Organisation is a social unit of people that is structured and managed to meet the needs or to pursue collective goals." They all work as a unit and help an entity to achieve its targets successfully. All the work of every organisation contributes to their economy. Many small, medium, and micro enterprises are contributing to the economy by their production. Apart from large-scale business MSMEs also help in society's welfare and in the growth of the economy. There are many non-profit organisations are also work in this aspect. They generally work for the welfare of society so, their contribution can not be neglected.
Working in an organisation helps it to achieve their targets. Work is any physical or mental effort through which all the set goals can be attained. It can also be said as a task. This division of tasks helps an individual to improve their skills and working experience. Any organisation prepare strategies for achieving their goals and targets.
In 1860, the economy of Britain fell. They faced many problems at the time of the post-industrialisation period. At that time, the domestic market was smaller and the consumer demand was less for homogeneous products. At that time labour costs were cheap and it made the hiring process easy. After all this, the machine industry became a new industry for performing various activities. After the post-industrialisation, Britain used machines for more production. The rate of wage labour was high at the time of post-industrialisation.
The majority of labourers and workers were not going to be part of agriculture and fishing but they became part of the service sector. Because they are getting more in service. So, their interest in agricultural activities gets reduced. Most workers are getting attracted towards the service sector where they have the security of a job. The agriculture sector is going down day by day.
Agrarian Revolution
At that time of revolution, new techniques of farming were introduced. It helps mostly all the farmers and get back their interest in agricultural activities from service. These changes impacted society people became more aware of their health.
Post-industry society refers to the division of specialised tasks and managers help managers to coordinate with workers. This post-industrialisation was mainly started by large manufacturers who wanted to produce more and more and gave employment to a large number of workers for this concern.
Britishers had more advanced technology in the agriculture field than other European countries. They have more farmland for production so, they can produce more than others. Also, they have advanced technology, which helps them to produce high-quality crops. At that time some important inventions had taken place which helped them to produce more quantity and good quality. In this era, the service economy leads the market very well. In this situation, the number of workers in the service department increased as compared to industries.
Post industrialisation seemed to be the creative and innovative culture. As education is spreading more and more, hence it helps many people to think creatively and become successive generations in contributing more to society.
In a stable economic environment, government play a significant role. The government also helps them to adopt these changes by making aware of people towards agriculture sector in the place of service sector. They gave better quality of education and conducted awareness programmes through which everyone became aware of the agricultural activities and accepted all the changes which were drawn in this era. They help farmers purchase new machines for agriculture. Also start providing good quality yields and take care of the health of their residents. They help many industries to recover from the changing situation.
The government has started helping small industries hence, that they can contribute more to the economy by giving more jobs to the unemployed sector. Because of this growing time, large industries use machines for producing goods, employment ratio has declined. But with help from the government, these small-scale business entrepreneurs became able to open up their own ventures and start working in them. This made a large impact on the economy because this concern helped them to produce more by labour-intensive methods. Also, they became creative and innovative so, they are not going to face any problems. In 1966, over half the population of Britain was engaged in the service sector(Hummel 2012). They did not pay any kind of attention towards agriculture or fishing. Later on, in 1971, this census rose to 55 per cent.
Hence, by introducing new methods of irrigation techniques, the government wants to focus their attention on agricultural activities as compared to the service sector. Hence, the government reduced their service sector seats and completely focused on improving the ratio of production in the agriculture sector.
Current Working Culture
The current working culture of Britain is that they are using machines for large-scale production. It helps them to adopt innovative techniques and technology in the present era. It helps them to take one more step ahead in the technological sector. Their present working culture does not facilitate human power growth in large-scale business but they force to use machines more as compared to labour-intensive techniques. This labour-intensive method helps them in producing more and more goods with high quality. But it made an impact on labour-intensive methods. Machines reduce the work of humans. This may cause some of their locals to be unemployed and attracted towards the service sector(Cohen, 2011).
The machine culture promotes them to export more than others in the world. They start exporting more globally. So, through this, they are getting more strength in the world. Due to good quality and excellent service, their prices are generally high and are not affordable for a common person. They are exporting more and importing less. But their drawback was less use of labour. Their manpower for working is still not capable of doing any task as compared to ancient times.
Their products are ready to use, it plays a key function in their sales. Sales increment improves the economy of their country. This advancement promotes jobs, wages and exports. The labourers who usually work in factories have no compulsion to have a higher degree of any specialisation. Their creativity and innovation are a must for them. Export helps them to sell their goods internationally. They are using high-quality techniques, which helps them to sell their products in a better economy country. This advancement helps them to achieve their target of export in the international market.
This advancement requires more capital for new technology so, that they can produce good quality products. It was quite high for each and every firm and they were not able to install new technologies. It also increases the labour cost because all the labourers have proper knowledge of the machine. Their work can become effective.
Because large entities were only targeted for their export and gaining profit. So, these small firms help their country by producing goods for middle-class people. They also start giving employment to many workers. Because they are not able to implement new technologies due to the inefficiency of money. Usually, these entities are producing for the local market where they can attract more consumers and get returns according to their cost. This helps them to gain profit from the market. They are also using some market-attracting strategies so that they can easily attract a large variety of consumers.
This expansion of time and technology also give birth to trade unions. Trade unions normally work in favour of workers. They help them to become more aware of their rights (Deakin and Morris 2012). Mostly class people were going to work in these industries because they didn't have the proper knowledge and skills to do things professionally.
These organisations have to adopt some steps which help them to motivate their employees and encourage them to do their duties accurately. They can also get motivated through some incentives and perks. This leads to increase an individual interest in an organisation. Managers have to maintain discipline in the workplace and promote friendly behaviour, all workers can share their problems with managers(Malloch, 2010). Managers should have to work on those issues and it helps in encouraging workers to do their tasks on time. Continuity and efficiency of doing tasks help an organisation attain its objectives on time. It may work in a profitable sector of an organisation.
Coming back to the topic again, in Britain manufacturing and agricultural sectors declined. The craze for white-collar jobs and other services increases. But all people can not be able to join these types of jobs because they are limited in number. These people got employment from large units and some others started their work of their own. Own work establishment helps them to increase their country's economy. So, their place in the service sector and educated people ratio also increase(Llewellyn and Hindmarsh 2010).
It gave birth to globalisation and boundaries no longer be the barrier to any kind of exchange service. (Watson and,Korczynski 2011). they started trading their products and became a leading country in sales.
So, by using all the above analysis it is concluded that post-industrialisation made a very big impact on the British economy. This change helps in increasing the will for education. They totally refused to work in industries or in the agriculture sector and started working in the service sector. This leads the government to introduce many policies for the agriculture sector and leads them to work for society. Industries have their only one goal which is to export as much as they can in the global market. The large scale industries innovative many technologies which help them to produce more and more in the near future. Post industrialisation time is considered a creative era because many creative methods were adopted by them in favour of society. It led to the craze of education in the general public and they became aware of their health.
REFERENCES
- Watson, T and Korczynski, M., 2011. Sociology, work and organisation. Routledge.
- Llewellyn, N and Hindmarsh, J., 2010. Work and organisation in real time: an introduction. Organisation, interaction and practice: Studies of ethnomethodology and conversation analysis. pp.3-23.
- Llewellyn, N and Hindmarsh, J. eds., 2010. Organisation, interaction and practice: Studies of ethnomethodology and conversation analysis. Cambridge University Press.
- Deakin, S.F and Morris, G.S., 2012. Labour law. Hart publishing.
- Malloch, M. ed., 2010. The SAGE handbook of workplace learning. Sage Publications.
- Cohen, R.L., 2011. Time, space and touch at work: body work and labour process (re) organisation. Sociology of Health & Illness. 33(2). pp.189-205.
- Farndale, E., and et. al., 2014. Work and organisation engagement: aligning research and practice. Journal of Organizational Effectiveness: People and Performance. 1(2). pp.157-176.
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