Understanding Person Centered Approach

The present file is based on the person-centred approach. It includes understanding and implementation of person approach in adult social care. Along with this, report involves importance of establishing consent, ways to implement active participation, individual's right to make choices and role of risk assessment. In the end, conclusion is explained with the key findings.

Task 1

1.1 Person-centred approaches

This approach is given by the Carl Roger an American psychologist in the 1950s. Adult social care organization use person-centred therapy for making adults centre of planning and support with upholding and promoting their individuality. Healthcare firms maintain the dignity, choice, privacy, rights, respect and independence of the patients. It deals with the individuals for understanding them about their identity consciously. Social care firms uses this approach for recovering the mental and physical disable adults. So that they can see the positive side of their life and can create hope of getting well soon.

As per this theory, it is important to have the three core conditions which are congruence, unconditional positive regards and empathy. It is a non directive approach which provides benefit of realizing and understanding the self identity and feelings. It also helps adults in maintaining good relations with the family, friends, collogues, social care workers, etc.

1.2 Explain why person-centred values must influence all aspects of social care work

Person-centred values include the respect and value of uniqueness possess by an individual. It must influence all the aspect of the social care work. The working of the health care organizations need to be based on individualism so that each and every patient can enjoy his/ her identity. It is also the requirement of the law such as Health and social care act 2012, codes of practice for social care workers, etc to follow individualism in the social care firms. It is essential to implement person centred approach because different service users have different beliefs, religions, choices, perception, etc. And while, implementing these values within the adult care organization it is important to ensure the following points.

• Proper support to the workers and patients in accessing their rights
• Treat individual as individual
• Support to exercise choices
• Proper privacy to the service user and health care professional as well.
• Maintain dignity and respect of all the persons.
• Provide independence to the individuals.

1.3 Person-centred values should influence all aspects of social care work

In person-centred values, individuals are centre of the overall plan and support which makes them to control their lives properly. This affects everything which social care workers and service users do. It helps in providing support physically, emotionally, socially and intellectually. It is not about providing quality and effective services to the persons for their life but it is about enabling individuals to live their life in their own way. Health care firms focus on the needs and expectations of the adults for their recovery. Their aim is to fulfil the desires and wants of the social care workers rather than forcing them to complete their tasks. It helps in planning properly the future of the persons as per their wants.

Task 2

2.1 Contribution of history, preferences, wishes and needs of an individual to their care plan

By the help of history, preferences, wishes and needs of the person, social care firm can develop an effective care plan. This information helps the social care organization in understanding about the emotional, physical, social, communication, etc needs and support of an adult. Along with this, history related to the health, medical information, family contacts, etc results to provide clear information about the behaviour and nature of the individual. All these detailed information enables care plan to be accurate and reflect the preferences and needs of the service user.

2.2 Ways to put person-centred values into practice in a complex or sensitive situation

There are various complex or sensitive situations arises in the health care firms which are as distressing or traumatic, threatening or frightening, serious implications or consequences, Complex communication, etc. In the complex or sensitive situation like death of relative of service user, pressure of family, etc it is essential to handle patient properly so that they can divert their mind. It is important for the health care workers to monitor the working of the adult service users at the time of sensitive situation for making them to do activities of their interest for some change and freshness. While providing services during such complex conditions, social workers need to maintain the dignity, independence and respect of the patients for putting person-centred values into the practice.

2.3 Use of care plans in applying person-centred values

Care plan are the essential primary source which provides all the required information about the client. It is developed by the health care firms to understand and analyse the situation of the patient properly so that health care professionals can provide proper and effective treatment to them. The major use of care plans is that it assists the care workers to treat and handle the adult clients appropriately. By the help of all the information, nurses provide care and services to the individual as per their needs and preferences.

2.4 Importance of monitoring an individual's changing needs or preferences

Monitoring the changing needs and preferences of the individuals results to provide services according to them. It is the prime responsibility of the care workers to listen the needs and preferences of the service users and to evaluate them for determining any change. By the help of this, health care professionals will able to shed light on the health complications of the patients if there is any. Along with this, they can also know about the food preferences of the service users, their wake up time, behaviour, relations, etc. By monitoring all these activities, social care firm can able to make changes in the physical condition, treatment, medication, etc of the adult patient.

Task 3

3.1 Factors that influence the capacity of an individual to express consent

There are various factors which influences the capacity of an individual to express consent such as mental impairment, physical illness, learning difficulties and language barriers. It is necessary for the health care professionals to deal sensitively with the patients so that they can express properly. Care workers can also provide various devices such as communication and physical aids to those who need it. Nurses and other workers need to understand the type of problem patient is facing to express the consent. As per the results, they need to adopt the suitable working approach for handling their clients properly.

3.2 Establish consent for an activity or action

Adult health care firms should always establish consent before conducting any type of activity or action. There are various types of consent which includes informed, implied, written and verbal consent. Care workers need to establish informed consent for any kind of activity or action. In this, service user has all the information about what is to happen, why it is to happen and what are its positive and negative impacts. In this patient is aware about all the risk occurring during the activity. By the help of this, he/ she can take proper judgement for whether to join the activity or not.

3.3 Steps to take if consent cannot be readily established

If, consent cannot be readily established then health care professional should not proceed with the clinical action. In case patient changes his\her mind or refuses to the agreement about the action or activity then care worker needs to stop his/her work regarding that activity. In addition to it, social worker needs to repeat all the information again before starting the activity and ensure that whether individual is ready or not. He should not force or pressurise the client for taking the action for the fast recovery. On the other hand, any kind of change or refusal in the agreement needs to be record at proper place.

Task 4

4.1 Principles of active participation

Active participation make an individual to include himself/herself in their care a by making choices, determining care needs, deciding their roles along with others, etc. By the help of this, adult care firm support patients to meet their needs with the help of proper planning, risk assessments, arranging activities, etc. The main principle of active participation is to participate in the activities and relations of the everyday life.

4.2 Holistic needs of an individual can be addressed by active participation

With the help of active participation, holistic needs such as physical, emotional, economical, spiritual, etc of an individual can be addressed properly. Active participation includes the input and choices of the individual which helps in meeting the holistic needs. During participation, persons can select those activities of their choice and this will make them to enjoy it by involving completely. Along with it, social care organisation can implement various motivational theories such as Herzberg's two factor theory, Maslow's need for hierarchy theory, etc for motivating individuals to take active participation in activities of their choice.

4.3 Ways to work with an individual and others to agree how active participation will be implemented

For implementing active participation in the health care firm, individuals and other team members need to discuss the activities properly with its positive and negative points. Along with this, their should be proper communication of all the required information so that all the actions or activities can be implemented as per the planning. On the other hand, their need to be effecitve cooperation and coordination among the team members so that they can achieve their objective in effective period. There are various ways to implement active participation which are as follows...

• Discussion with the individual
• Peer group encouragement
• Telling the benefits of the active participation
• Use of friends and families to encourage individuals for active participation.
• Storing the obtained results

4.4 Ways to promote the understanding and use of active participation

For promoting, understanding and use of active participation, adult social care firm needs to provide all the information about the activities along with their benefits. Along with this, they should highlight the advantages of active participation to the individuals. With the help of this, individuals will think to participate for their development and fulfilment of needs.

Task 5

5.1 Different approaches to support an individual to make informed choices

There are various approaches to support an individual to make informed choices. These approaches are declaration of the human rights, independence and autonomy of individuals, not allowing personal views to influence the decision of other person, proper knowledge and awareness about the legislation relevant to it, work should be fair and honest without any inequality and discrimination, empowerment of the person for making informed choices.

On the other hand, their should be proper information about the nature, location, ethos and type of the activities so that service users can make proper choices as per their medical treatments, support plans, accommodation, care, etc.

5.2 Ways to support an individual to question or challenge decisions concerning them that are made by others

There are different ways to support an individual to question or challenge the decisions concerning them that are made by others. It is important to become non-judgemental while communicating, empowering and encouraging others to make their choices. Along with this, respect the choice of the individuals so that they can rise their confidence and motivation level. On the other hand, one can use his role or authority to support the right of person to make his own choices as per his preferences and interests. There should be proper information about the discrimination issues and inclusive practices while supporting the individual for making his own decisions.

5.3 Consequences of allowing the personal views of others to influence an individual's choices

There are negative consequences of allowing the personal views of the others to influence the choices of the individual. It results to lack of motivation and confidence, low self-esteem, lack of making own choices, individual starts taking stress, abuse, etc. The main consequence is on the needs of the individual. Due to the influence of other person's view, individual does not able to meet his/her needs. This also reduces the active participation of the individual which results to decrease self care and development.

Task 6

6.1 Links between identity, self-image and self-esteem

Identity can be described as a unique personality structure...On the other hand; self image is the mental representation of a person’s features and qualities. These are inclusive of height, weight, color, I.Q. score etc. While self-esteem has been defined as the overall emotional evaluation of a person in terms of their own worth. In this regard, self-esteem only arrives when person has a positive identity as well as good image about one’s self.

6.2 Factors that contribute to the well-being of an individual

• Spiritual factors are the ones that enrich lives of a person by uplifting on a deep level in terms of religion, music as well as art.
• Emotional factors are the ones that contribute to well-being of an individual through development of close bonding with family members as well as friends.
• Social factors aid in wellbeing by giving opportunity to an individual for communicating with people as well as sharing a group experience.

6.3 Importance of supporting an individual in a way that promotes their sense of identity, self-image and self-esteem.

When a support is rendered to an individual then it does many good things for him. These are in terms of promoting the overall sense of identity, creating a positive self-image as well as making sure that self-esteem is increased.

6.4 -Ways to contribute to an environment that promotes well-being

There are varied ways by which a person can contribute to the environment so as to promote the overall wellbeing. These are by maintaining a joyful atmosphere. In the same manner, the situations prevailing around are also required to be changed by making it more positive. Environment as well as support should also be provided to persons so that overall wellbeing can be improved in terms of inner self and life quality. In the same manner, the persons are also required to be encouraged towards independence as well as their self-worth.

Task 7

7.1 Comparision of differnet uses of risk assessment in adult social care setting

There are various use of risk assessment in adult social care setting. With the help of risk assessment social care firm can able to prevent individuals from various injuries and harms. Health care professional can prevent their patients from those activities which are harmful for them such as bathing with hot water, using knives, etc. On the other hand, risk assessment also helps in preventing care workers from using heavy and dangerous machines properly, handling various medical equipments etc. Different individuals have different use of risk assessment in the adult social care setting.

7.2 Relation of risk assessment to rights and responsibilities

It is essential for the adult care organisation to conduct risk assessment for preventing the rights of the individuals. Health and safety of the person is prime responsibility of the social care firm. Regular risk assessment results to mainatain the laws and regulations (Helath and Safety Act 1974) of the government. Safety of the care workers and service users is the responsibilty of the adult care firm which results to satisfy them.

7.3 Relation of risk-taking to rights and responsibilities

Risk taking shows that individual is able to select his area of interent and can control his/her life properly. Risk taking results to develop decision making skills, problem solving skills, etc. On the other hand, sometimes taking risk results to make something possibel for the someone who is not ready to take risk at first step. This risk taking relates an individual with the rights and responsibilities.

7.4 Need of regular revision of risk assessments

Risk assessment needs to be regularly revised for making changes as per the requirment of time. As time changes, needs, working style, machines, equipments, etc of the health and social care firm also changes and for determining the level of risk it is essential to conduct risk assessment on regular basis. It also helps in knowing the level of previous risks and in identifing more approproate ways to rpevent from those risks and injuries. Time to time risk assessment also results to proper and effective management of all the risks and injuries.

7.5 Importance of using agreed risk assessment processes to support choice

Agreed risk assessment process helps an individual in reducing and eliminating his/her risks which results to acheiev goals and ambitions properly and effectively. It is important to aware individuals about the risks or potential harm so that they can take appropriate decisions.

Conclusion

It is concluded from the above study that person-centred approach plays important role in identifing the personal identity of individual. Getting all the information regarding the history, preferences, wishes and needs of the person results to develop effective care plan. Appropriate person-centred values also help in handling the sensitive and complex situations efficiently. On the other hand, active participation results to meet the holistic needs of the individuals. Proper encouragement, information about the activities, etc leads person to take active participation. In addition to it, regular risk assessment helps in preventing individuals from the various injuries or potential harms.

References

• Al-Ameen, A., 2014. Person-Centred Approach. In Antitrust: The Person-centred Approach. Springer International Publishing.
• Bacon, T. and Voss, L., 2012. Adaptive coaching: The art and practice of a client-centered approach to performance improvement. Nicholas Brealey Publishing.
• Bamford, T., 2011. The team approach in person-centred health care: the social work perspective. International Journal of Person Centered Medicine.
• Bedos, C. and Loignon, C., 2011. Patient-centred approaches: new models for new challenges. J Can Dent Assoc.

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