Role of Leaders and Managers Perform in the Operations Function

In this report, various roles and function of managers and leaders will be discussed. An appreciation for the role of leaders and managers perform in the operations function of Tesco Company will be made in this assignment. Lastly, a description of key approaches to the management of operational activities will be made in this report.

TASK 1

a) Roles and characteristic of the leaders and managers with their differences and similarities

In an organizational structure of a company, there are different departments according to their work and service (Chandra, and Wella, 2017). For every department, there is a manager and for every team, there is a team leader who leads them to the right direction and achieves goals and targets of company. In this context, Tesco have many managers and leaders and the role, functions and characteristics of managers and leaders are as follows:

Leader – it is a person who gets the various task and work from others. The person who has an ability to do work from employees and staff members of the company. They are playing an essential role in an organization and motivate workers. They have better communication skills and leadership skills and also have clear vision. They make many strategies and plans for achieving objectives of that company. In Tesco, their leaders motivate employees and describe their works to achieve desired goals.

Managers –the manager is known as an overall controller of department or company. The managers are the head of all activities. They make plan for achieving desired targets. In Tesco, there are many managers for different departments who work according to their criteria (Ebert, Ertl and Gaither, 2014). They work for the improvement in of organizational services.

Differences and similarities of the leaders and managers -

b) Functions of the managers according to the Fayol and describing the performance of these functions.

The roles and works of managers and leaders in the Tesco company are as follows:

Functions of the managers -

1.Planning – the most important work of managers are making plan for fulfilment of company's objectives and it is essential for them. Planning is a work and it is needed to accomplish various tasks (Gray and Massimino, 2018). Planning assesses the work of managers and provides a right way to them.

2.Directing – it means a perfect manager should always give right direction to his or her employees and done work from them. Direction is a process which includes many tasks for achieving goals and targets of a company.

3.Organizing – it means organise all employees and staff members in a specific manner and they work according to their abilities and skills. It is also an important task which should be done by every manager (Litkowski and et.al., 2016). The manager should complete this task in the right manner and without any conflicts.

4.Co Ordination –this is describes as the making full co ordination among employees and staff members. In this context, managers get help from his or her abilities and skills.

5.Control – this is also one of the characteristics of a perfect manager. All managers must control their team members.

Functions of the leaders -

1.Inspiration –a leader always give his or her inspiration to their team members and it is good quality of the leader (Mahdavi and et.al., 2018).

2.Make Vision – for achieving company's goals and targets, a leader should make perfect vision for enhancing business.

3.Become a Guide – for team member, a leader can become a guide and he helps his team members.

4.Challenge Accepter – a leader always accept challenges and they also get better results from that challenges and work in the right manner.

5.Develop Communication Skills – this is the common skill which exists in every leader. They communicate their team members and talking about their mission and achieve it.

c) Explanation of leadership theories which are situational, systems and contingency leadership in the Tesco company.

The role of a leader and functions of manager play an important role to achieve desired goals and targets of company. The functions of a manager in the Tesco Company help to reach at height of success (Osei-Kyei and Chan, 2017). In this organization, there are many problems and issues and for this reason the ability of manager and techniques of a leader are very useful.

In addition to this, the accomplishment of various objectives is possible from leadership skills. In the Tesco company, there are many leaders and they lead their team with co ordination among employees and staff members. The skills and abilities of a leader apply as the technique to get desired output from full utilization of their capabilities. There are various styles and traits as well as functions which utilize in the proper management of the company. In this context, there are some theories and strategies to be implied by a company's manager and the leaders grow it operations in business activities.

According to leadership theories, the company Tesco use some theories in their business. It is a multinational company and it provides various types of products and services for gaining competitive advantages in the market (Ramos, de Morais, and Barbosa-Póvoa, 2018). There are many leaders in this company and they lead their team with effectively and efficiently. Their work is divided into their supportive team and they done according this. Every leader has various types of skills and talent that are useful in their task and also useful for company. In leadership style they adopt some useful theories for getting desired success in different situations (Roman and et.al., 2015). These are given below :

• Situational Leadership – it is a theory provided by the Paul and Hershey and Ken Blanchard and this is assign for conducting better leadership. According to this approach a leader must be confidential in every situation and always work better in every situation. This gives various methods and techniques for a leader to stable in every business condition whether it is difficult. This theory performs an essential role in the operational and business activities of the company. By musing this type of leadership a leader become successful and he or she achieves desired goal and targets. It works in every situation whether market is stable or not stable. The business activities of Tesco company is grown up and their leaders have sufficient skills to increase it profits.
• System Leadership – this is also a theory related to the leadership aspect. In this approach the leaders became as a controller and works according to their plans (Sibilla and et.al., 2014). Every leaders should follow the policies and strategies which are made for achieving the objectives and targets of the company. The Tesco company make new changes in their business activities and expand their business by using the leadership skills. In this context, the system leadership work as a system where desired output must come in the right manner. It is essential to this company to guide its staff members with the help of right direction of leaders and earn more profit in different situations. The organization should prepare it plan and strategy so that it will able to do work according to it and system leadership helps for this procedure.
• Contingency Leadership – every company have an option to choose this type of leadership for their leaders and this will too much useful. The leaders have many skills and they also work in various situations (Stepanova, Nikolaev and Sivobrova, 2015). The contingency approach describes as the situation where company face conflicts and for these situations the leaders of this company have enough knowledge to ensure about profits in this particular condition. Every leader lead their team and better communicate their team members to organization's goal and mission. They motivate them in order to achieve competitive advantages in different situation of market. It will also useful in various situations.

TASK 2

1. Explaining the various key approaches to operational management and also identifying the method of using these approaches in Tesco company.

For every company, the operational management is and important feature and it controls and regulate the activities regarded to the operations. It serves various functions of managing the system of converting inputs into outputs (Azcárate, Mallor and Mateo, 2017). The operational management contains many concepts, applications and suitable theories which can useful in operating company's business in the proper way. There are also some problems and issues related to the social, technical and quantitative issues which are complex and time consuming process. So for this reason an operational manager should have all skills and have to knowledge about solving such type of issues.

In this context, there are various types of approaches and strategies for help to the manager in business activities. These approaches are easy to use and it rectifies all problems. The quantitative factor includes these things related to the planning, supply chain management and critical path analysis (Chandra and Wella, 2017). In technical issues, it consists the factor related to the optimization, automation and scheduling etc. The operational management is the systematic administration's strategy of any organization and it creates the highest value of capacity which is possible for a company. In this given scenario the major approaches use by the operational manager of the Tesco company are as follows :

six sigma concepts - it is a special approach which is use for gaining more profit in competitive environment of market. It is a kind of mixtures of techniques and its use in many organizations. It allows the team efforts in the completing of various work. This approach is useful for improvement in the performance of business activities. Leaders have to accomplish all their work with the effective use of this approach (Ebert, Ertl and Gaither, 2014). This is also known as strategic development of the management and it uses for making road map which is customized based approach. It ensures the optimum use of available resources and also this make sure about the compatibility between material mix and technology. It provides proper arrangements of staking stores as required. It adopts the statistical thinking in order to reach at quality level. It provides flexibility to accommodate several changes in product mix and production volume.

Total Quality Management Approach -this is a process of improvising in the quality of production of products and services in the company by making new strategies in the production department of a company (Gaichas and et.al., 2016). This approach is known as TQM with focused on the regular increase in the quality of all products and services. In the organizational context, each and every products and services have its own demand and their target market. The TQM is refers as increase the quality of every products so that the company would be able to increase its goodwill in the market and attract more customers. So for this reason this approach play very effectively and efficiently in various situations.

2.Explaining the role of store manager.

For every company there is a store manager who kept day to day operations in the proper manner and he or she develops new strategies to improve profitability, drive store sales, customer service, make new strategies for store and arranging market programs. He or she maintains high standard for the store and condition for a positive environment (Gray and Massimino, 2018). The store manager make sure about customer needs, complaints and resolved as soon as possible. Manager ensure about all displays and products which are merchandised efficiently to increase turnover and growth in profit. He also forecasts the needs of staff and develop a process of recruiting planning to provide proper staff members in all departments. The store manager also require experience and work according to company's policy. A successful manager will maintain and adjust operations and able to manage corporate budget and makes new changes which are need to sustain the projected profit margin for each objectives and goals.

The major role and responsibilities of a store manager, describes under :

1.Maintaining Sales Environment – it is the essential duty of every store manager to maintain required sales environment so that the company increases its sales and make profit.

2.Managing the Assets – it is the duty of the store manager that he or she secure the store and manage all assets and he makes sure about all appliances and equipments are maintained properly.

3.Implementation of Market Plan – the manager should involves in maintaining the policies and strategies regarded to market and implement them as requirement (Litkowski and et.al., 2016). For example, he or she allocates the space for sales promotion scheme.

4.Cost Minimization – it is a compulsory assignment to be accomplished by every store manager. It includes controlling expenses. That are important to operate a store. It is easy by using the process of eliminating the waste, accidents and errors.

5.Recruiting – store manager should handle to the job of recruiting the right person at the right post or designation. This process also includes the training and development program of new employees.

6.Holding Inventory – it is also an essential activity performed by a retail or store manager. It is a duty to record all incomings and outgoing stock sop that by this process there are not any shortage of the stock level inside the store (Mahdavi and et.al., 2018).

7.Budgeting and Forecasting – he or she is suitable for forecasting the organization's future performance and then the manager can be able to calculate future expenditures and arrange the budget according to the expenses.

3. Explaining the importance of operations management in the Tesco company.

There is a common belief in the normal business that is operation management is important only for the manufacturing organization but it is also an important thing for manufacturing as well as trading and production business. In many situations the sales assistance also considered as operational management. In the service industry it has different amounts of process which involves in understanding the customer needs to getting back on the provided services. This management is purely focused on the production of services and products of a company and it manages overall organizational activities (Osei-Kyei and Chan, 2017). In the company Tesco the human resource department is capable for better predictions about the needs of staff members and it develops job descriptions and they are responsible for recruitment and training to new entrants. So for this purpose there are using the operation management to growth well.

This is important for every department of every company whether it is involved in manufacturing, service providing, public or private, profit or not for profit organization. The management of Tesco company can not hope for success without any use of operation management. By using this, the organization must use all resources appropriately to produce more products as well as services. It deals with the department of product and services and maintain proper growth of the organization. It also maintains the speed, quality, speed and flexibility of company's outputs (Ramos, de Morais and Barbosa-Póvoa, 2018). The major responsibilities of operational management is to maintain the strong power of supplier and keep relationship with them to make sure about the raw material is being supplied in timely. Itforms the heart of the organisation by controlling the system of operations.

4. Identifying and assessing the major outside factors that can have an effect upon the operation management in the Tesco company.

In the Tesco company, it gets affected from its outside factors and there is an essential thing for the manager of operation management is to know all about the environment before they start their business activities. The external factor of the company are factors which can not be control and manage according to the organization. In this context, the social, governmental and many more factors are includes (Roman and et.al., 2015). The external environment of this Tesco company comprises all the factors which consists outsides and it may have great impact on the activities and workings of the organization. For the Tesco, there are two types of external or outside factors these are directly interactive and second is indirectly interactive. The directly interactive environment has an impact of immediate on the organization and in the other hand there is indirectly interactive environment which is secondary and more impact on the organization.

In addition to this there are describing some type of outsider factor which can affect the overall business of Tesco :

• Economy – the company can not run in the bad economy and it would not be able to survive. There are many policies and rules related to the country's economy so that the company should follow all rules and regulations for making more profits in various economic conditions.
• Competition – every organization whether it will be conducting production business or a trading business. It must face the great competition in the market and it is difficult to attract new customers to the company's product (Sibilla and et.al., 2014). So this the external factor which can affect the Tesco's organizational activities.
• Politics – in every nation, there are many changes due to change the governmental policies. Every country has their own rules and regulation and these are changeable due to change in the politics. For Tesco, it gets great impact from this outside factor. This will change the organizational environment and also affect the customer loyalty.
• Suppliers and Customers– every company have many suppliers and customers and these supplier give raw material or inventory for resale or for production. These suppliers also have impact on the business activities of the company (Stepanova, Nikolaev and Sivobrova, 2015). The customers are depends on the quality products and services of the organization so for this reason it is mandatory for the company to maintain the quality of its outputs.

5. Explaining the impact of these factors on the decision of the store manager of Tesco company.

The store manager of the Tesco company gets affected by the external environment of this organization. The store manager should have all the rights to solve these impacts. Every business, whether it is run at a large scale or small scale, is affected and there are many factors which give an impact on the business activities of the company (Azcárate, Mallor and Mateo, 2017). The firm can lose their revenues and profit generate capabilities because of these external factors.

There are some factors which have impacts on the decision of the store manager of Tesco company :

• Finance– the requirement of funds and capital employed are major aspects for every company. This is fulfilled by own capital and financial institutions. So there is an essential thing is to demonstrate the rate of interest of these financial co operation. It will affects more on the organization's daily business.
• Economy – in the continuously changeable environment, the company can hardly to survive. The operations of store manager are complicated to perform in adverse situation of the economy so it is noticeable factor.
• Infrastructure – this is also given a great impact to the company's business. A company can run its operations threw better infrastructure and this will make organization to earn competitive advantages in the market.
• Law – there are many rules and acts of local and state government which should be followed by every company's store manager (Azcárate, Mallor and Mateo, 2017). It is the main factor in the external environment of the business of Tesco. It is compulsory to implement these rules and regulations.
• Trends – in today's environment, the fashion trend is also a measurable factor for the store manager. The manager should noticed on this point and provides his or her service accordingly.

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CONCLUSION

In this report the operation management of a company is most important thing and it required proper management. In every company there are manager for assessing the whole work related to the operations. The manager and leaders should appoint for accomplishment of all activities and operational management. In this context, there are role and responsibilities of the leaders and managers describing. Further, it describes the store manager and his or her liability about the store management. In addition to this, there are referring the impacts of outsiders factors.

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